Do a search for three Minoan and three Mycenaean artifacts and draw them in your notebook. Check the information in wiki 2 for ideas about what to search for (Minoan bull leaping is interesting). Under each picture, write a one-sentence caption describing the artifact and what it tells us about each civilization.
Assignment 6-5
Athens Creates Democracy (p.264-265)
Democracy is a type of government in which people rule themselves instead of being ruled by one person like a King.
-500 BCE, Athenian leader Cleisthenes (KLYS-thuh-neez) develops world's first democracy in Athens
Cleisthenes.png
-Cleisthenes set up the Assembly which was a large meeting of male citizens, sometimes about 6000 men. They met on a hill called a Pnyx (pah-NIKS).
-all citizens (except women, slaves, and foreigners) gathered in an Assembly. Slaves were sent out to force male citizens to go to the assembly
assembly.png
-At the Assembly, they discussed, debated, and, finally, voted on important issues such as changing voting laws or how to fight the Persians who wanted to control Greece.
sacrifice.png
-The assembly always started with a pig sacrifice to honor the gods.
Assembly Reflection
Write answers in your notebook.
1. During our Assembly, how did you feel as the debate and voting was happening?
2. How do you think other people felt during our discussion in our Assembly?
3. Why do you think so many people were excluded from an Assembly in Ancient Greece?
4. Give three benefits and three drawbacks of Athenian Democracy by making a table like this:
Athenian Democracy
Benefits (+)
Drawbacks (-)
Assignment 6-3
Directions: Read the following information about the Minoans and the Mycenaeans and then answer the questions that follow in your notebook.
The Origins of the Greeks
The Minoans:
Minoan culture developed on the island of Crete in approximately 3,000 B.C.E. Minoan palace murals (wall paintings) and painted pottery show us a great sea culture, fueled by fishing, farming, and local arts. The Minoans were master sailors and set up long-distance trade routes with Spain, Egypt, Canaan, and Asia Minor. Socially, the Minoans were an egalitarian (equal) culture, with both men and women holding respected positions in the fields of religion, agriculture, and craftwork. Recreation enjoyed by the Minoans included dancing to music and song, "bull-leaping" - and boxing, complete with boxing gloves and mouth guards. The remarkable peace-loving character of the Minoan civilization is obvious because they didn't have fortresses, war equipment, and painted battle scenes among the remains of their settlements. The Minoan civilization is historically important to Greece because it was the model for the Mycenaean (pronounced my-sih-NEE-in) civilization which is considered the earliest developed culture on mainland Greece.
The Mycenaeans:
Mycenae was settled in 2,700 B.C.E. Most of the myths about ancient Greek heroes and their famous battles come to us from the Mycenaeans. Later Greek poets such as Homer used these tales in their writings. The Mycenaeans spoke an early form of the Greek language, and developed an agricultural economy based on grains, grapes, and olives. Like the Minoans, they traded by sea with Egypt and Asia Minor. Unlike the Minoans, the Mycenaeans devoted most of their energies to developing a strong military. The circular royal tombs of Mycenae reveal collections of decorated uniforms, elaborate helmets, chariots, daggers, and axes. Horses were also extremely important to the Mycenaeans, as they were the vehicles of war. Mycenaean documents suggest that their society was hierarchical, with kings and soldiers in positions of power at the top of society, and prisoners of war who became slaves at the bottom of society who served the kings and soldiers. Other than artwork showing religious festivals and musical performances, very few artifacts of entertainment were left by the Mycenaeans.
1. What did the Minoan and the Mycenaean civilizations have in common?
They both had great battle skills. 2. In what ways were the Minoan and the Mycenaean civilizations different? Unlike the Minoans, the Mycenaeans devoted most of their energies to developing a strong military. 3. Why do you think so many aspects of Minoan civilization are found at Mycenae?
Because the Mycenae followed the Minoan civilization. 4. What other geographical areas, besides Mycenae, might Minoan civilization have influenced?
Most of the civilization that was built after the Minoan civilization. 5. What aspects of Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations would you expect to have survived in later periods of Greek history?
Great, and mighty, because they have great war skills.
Assignment 6-2
Your Task
1.Exam each image below and note the description of the vase painting for your assigned image. 2.Read the DESCRIPTION for each scene. 3.Listen to the AUDIO TRACK and read along with each passage from the Odyssey. 4.Discuss and answer the questions for your scene from the Odyssey with your partner. 5.Decide which Greek value is best demonstrated in your scene and draw a picture that represents that Greek Value. AthleticismHospitalityIngenuityIntuitionJusticeLoyaltyRespect Teamwork 6.Be prepared to explain your scene to the class using the answers to your questions and how the value you picked is demonstrated in that scene.
Assignment 6-1 Create physical maps of Greece and compare its geography to one of the other regions we have studied.
Label and color a Map of Greece GreeceBlankOutlineMap.pdf with the following locations and physical features (Create a Map Key for symbols you use). You should include the following:
Physical Features:
Island of Crete
Island of Thera
Island of Rhodes
Asia Minor
Macedonia
Mount Olympus
Pindus Mountains
Sea of Crete, Mediterranean Sea, Ionian Sea, Adriatic Sea, Aegean Sea, Gulf of Corinth Assignment 4-7Source: Online Textbook pages 162-171 Directions: You are a sage and you will teach your classmates a part of ancient India's history. The four parts (groups) are...
Group 1: The Mauryan Empire (page 162-163, 166)
Group 2: The Gupta Empire (page 164-165)
Group 3: Indian Achievements- Religious Art & Sanskrit Literature (page 167-169)
Group 4: Indian Achievements- Scientific Advances (page 170-171)
Each part has (or might have) pictures, illustrations, maps, dates, vocabulary words, and important people. Your job as a sage is to become an expert on your part so you will be able to comfortably and confidently teach others. Remember that if you don't understand the information, you won't be able to teach others properly. Follow these steps to become a great sage:
Steps
Read all the information on the pages you are responsible for. Don't just read the main parts, look at the other information such as maps or diagrams or pictures.
Take notes in your notebook and answer the Reading Check question after each section to make sure you understand the information. You also have to answer the questions about your section from page 176 (section 4 or 5).
Decide how you are going to present the information to your students. Will you just talk about the information (this can be boring) or will you use visuals or give a slideshow presentation (this can be more interesting)? Remember that your students have not read the information and are counting on you to teach them in an interesting and educational way.
How will you check if your students understood the information? Will you make up questions to ask them? What else will you do? Will you ask your students to create something that shows their understanding? Think about how you are taught at school and the activities you do in your classes.
After completing yourUnderstanding How Ashoka's Edicts Helped Unify India sheet answer the following comprehension questions:
1. What are the main ideas expressed in Ashoka's edicts? The main ideas expressed in Ashoka's edicts is about his accomplishments and buddhism and the law.
2. What are some of the ways in which Ashoka's leadership promoted unity in India? There were laws and religious ideas in which people had to follow in order to become a better society such as be obedient to others.
3. In what ways did Ashoka's Buddhist beliefs contribute to the unification of India? One of them said to be obedient to others and to fast if you don't want to die when you are sentenced to death. Ashoka is giving the people a chance and he is being generous about death.
4. In addition to the edicts, what else might have contributed to the unification of India during this time period? Justice, chances, security, etc.
5. Explain how one of the edicts you examined could be catagorized another way Instead of security, it could be either justice or could put it in punishment.
(i.e. instead of Buddhist Values it could also concern Justice)
Use the website above and what you have learned in class so far to answer these questions about the early Indus River Governments.
1. Why would having a central government help in planning and organizing a city?
All the systems and religions will all be combined in one place.
2. Who were Rajahs?
Rajahs are the rulers that rules over cities of India.
3. What is a Guru?
A type of teacher that teaches students by living with them until they were 20.
4. What subjects were taught in school?
All, because every subject was very important to nature.
5. Who was in charge of the government?
It was kind of like a central government.
6. Why did people look up to the priests?
Because the priests were the ones who gave offerings to the gods and the priests were very high classes.
Assignment 4-3 Source:
external image pdf.png
Archeologists Ideas Mohenjo-Daro.pdf
Think about the activity we did in class as archeologists in Mohenjo-Daro. Using the source above, your ideas, and the notes you took about archeologists ideas, answer the following questions clearly and completely on your wiki page. Each answer should be at least two sentences long with specific information.
1. What have you learned about daily life in Mohenjo-Daro from this activity?
I learned that Mohenjo Daro was a very intelligent town because they had weights for using to trade goods and sell them. Also, I learned that they were good at craft making and was very religious because they all had these pools for them to bathe in for religious reasons and others.
2. Which characteristics of civilization do you see represented in the artifacts you looked at? Explain.
The artifacts that were created by the people of Mohejo Daro is very creative because there are drains that were made by the pool and even several dressing rooms which we are using now. If they hadn't invented all these, we wouldn't have dressing rooms!! that would be terrible!! We would be dressing up in our homes and will be going to the pools all the way from our homes wearing swimsuits. Also, I think Mohenjo Daro people were amazing because they even had waterproof bricks that we also have now! If they did not invent all these things, what, and how would be living this comfortably now????
3. In what ways do you think Mohenjo-Daro was like a modern city?
As I said above, I think Mohenjo Daro was like a modern city because it had waterproof bricks in pools that we have now and have games which are very similar to the modern ones and they also have different kind of weights like we do these days, except that some people use that concept to build scales.
4. Why do you think it is difficult for us to know exactly what life was like in ancient civilizations like those in the Indus-Sarasvati region?
Because the indus river buried everything and the invaders crumpled them. So that is why they crumpled down.
5. What do you think might have contributed to the decline of Mohenjo-Daro?
I think invaders invaded mohenjo daro and crumpled their civilization into pieces. Also, I think the king was lazy and didn't do his work properly.
Assignment 3-7
Ancient Egypt Topic Peer Assessment
Go to our YouTube Channel and login using the username and password given in class.
You will assess your classmates' videos using the rubric for the ancient Egypt project and by answering the questions below. Each answer must be at least two sentences long.
Post your assessment in the comments section under each classmate's video. Please make sure you include your first name only or your comment will be deleted.
You must comment on four classmates' videos:
classmate above your name
classmate below your name
two other classmates of your choice
(Note: YouTube has a 500 word limit on comments. You might have to divide your assessment comments into two posts.)
1. How did your classmate make the video interesting and creative?
2. Was it easy to understand your classmates presentation including his/her voice? Why or why not?
3. Clearly explain two things you learned from your classmate's video.
4. How could your classmate improve his/her video?
Assignment 3-5
Read the information here about the three kingdoms in ancient Egypt. The problem with these three paragraphs is that each paragraph does not have specific details or evidence. Your task is to find specific details and evidence from our textbook for the information presented in each paragraph about each kingdom. Then re-write the paragraph adding the new specific details and evidence you found. Write the new paragraph on your wiki page. Part 1
The Old Kingdom (2700 BCE - 2200 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 98-100 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
Pyramids (definition, examples, construction details)
Workers
Importance of the pyramids
The old kingdom's nickname was The pyramid age because Pyramids were only built in the old kingdom. Pyramids are tombs of pharaohs that had four triangular shaped sides that met at the top. The workers for the pyramids for the pyramids were over 100,000 men.Last, but not the least, the importance of the pyramids were that they were sybolized for the pharaoh's afterlife. Ancient Egyptians believed that the pharaoh was also in charge of their afterlife too.
Part 2 The Middle Kingdom (2100 BCE - 1800 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 101-102 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
the difference with the Old Kingdom
what life was like during this time
wars or battles and who was involved ----
In the middle kingdom, there were no pyramids. Instead, the Pharaohs were buried in secret places. During the middle kingdom, it was not a golden age. The Hyksos invaded Egypt for 200 years as pharaohs. Then, in 1500 BC, Ahmose from Thebes drove the Hyksos and declared himself as king. In this kingdom, life was not easy for Egypt, because the Hyksos invaded Egypt for 200 years.
Assignment 3-4
Incomplete
Part 1: Go to this site and read about the different Egyptian gods and goddesses. Choose one of these that you would like to be and explain why you would like to be that god or goddess. Then choose one that you would not want to be and explain why. Make sure your explanations are middle school quality
I would be Ma'at, the goddess of justice and truth and harmony because if there is no goddess of truth and justice, Egypt will be in disorder and in chaos. There would be no harmony, and no joy. Being the goddess Hathor would be also great, but if there isn't order or peace, there would be no love or joy, so I think peace and justice is first than love and joy. I would not want to be the goddess sekhmet, the goddess of war, and I would not be this goddess because wars end peace and tears up peace. Everybody loves peace. In wars, many people die and get sick and loose loved ones. There is no harmony in wars, and the goddess Sekhmet is the goddess who makes and loves wars. This is why I do not want to be the goddess Sekhmet.
Assignment 3-3
Source:How to Mummify Nefermaat Directions: Go to the link above to mummify a body. As you work to mummify the body, answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.
1.Why did Egyptians want to preserve dead bodies?
Egyptians wanted to preserve dead bodies because they thought the soul should recognize the body and rise again in the next world.
2.How did they preserve bodies? What is this process of preservation called?
They preserved by drying out the dead body and wrapping the linen around the dead body.
3.Explain how the brain was removed from the dead body. Why was the brain removed?
The brain was broken down into pieces then was poured out of the nose. The brain was removed because the ancient Egyptians did not think the brain was important.
4.Name the four internal organs that were removed from the body. What was done with these organs?
The four organs were lungs, stomach, liver, and intestines and the ancient Egyptians put them in jars which has lids as the shape of the four sons of Horus.
5.What did they do with the heart? Why?
They did not remove the heart because the Egyptians thought the heart was the center of intelligence, emotions, and feelings. The Egyptians thought the heart as the brain as we do now.
6.What is natron and why was it used? Using your scribble map of Egypt, name the area where natron came from.
The natron was used to dry out the body. Natron came from Greece.
7.How was linen used during mummification?
Linen was used to wrap the dead body or stuff it in the body to dry the body out for 40 days.
8.What are amulets and how were they used? Give two examples of amulets that were used and explain why they were used.
Amulets were used by placing it on the dead body and under another cover of linen.Two examples of amulets that were used were the heart amulet which was used to protect the heart in the afterlife. Second example of amulets is the Scarab which represented rising and setting of the sun and was placed on the upper abdomen.
9.What happens to the body after it was mummified?
After the body was mummified, the dead body is placed in a mummy case, and then it is placed in the sarcophagus.
Assignment 3-2
Source: Pages 93 & 94 in your online textbook and refer to your river boat tour notes Directions: Answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.
1. Read the If YOU were there section. How do you feel about working for the pharaoh?
I feel very irritated because I have to worship a pharaoh as a god.
2. Eventually the Third Dynasty began in ancient Egypt. The Third Dynasty was the beginning of what historians call ............. . When did it start and end?
Old kingdom and it started from about 2700 to 2200 BCE.
3. Explain how ancient Egyptians felt about their country and their pharaoh.
Egyptians thought Egypt as the land of gods, and the gift from Nile. They also thought their pharaoh as a ruler and a god, a good god at the same time.
4. What were the responsibilities of the pharaoh?
The responsibilities of the pharaoh was to keep the Egyptian's society in order and protect it from enemies.
5. What is best known about the famous pharaoh, Khufu? Can you name a specific monument built for him?
Khufu is best known for the monuments built for him such as The Great Pyramid of Giza.
6.a Clearly explain the structure of society in the Old Kingdom. (Note: This should be a long answer.)
There were about 2 million people, so social classes appeared. Also, this is just after when Egypt was united. The old kingdom was also when the first stone pyramid was build in Saqqara and the great pyramid Giza was made.
6.b. What may be some advantages and disadvantages of such a large segment of the population being farmers, servants, and slaves?
Disadvantage: They may get irritated for not being able to work in their farms and collect their crops. Instead, they had to build the Pharaoh's pyramid. Advantage: There are more people to harvest crops, so Egypt can become a country with lots of food.
6.c. What did farmers do during flood season?
They stored their food and built dams.
7. Clearly explain trading in ancient Egypt (what was traded and who they traded with).
Egyptians traded gold, ivory, stone, slaves and copper with Nubia.
8. Define the word acquire. Use acquire in an original sentence.
Acquire means to get. An example for the word acquire is to acquire gold from Nubia.
9. Using the drawing of Egyptian society on page 94, explain where Viziers would be placed?
Viziers should be placed in where the nobles are because viziers and nobles are both high officials.
Assignment 3.1
Sources:
Carefully read your online textbook pages 88 and 89.(Note: Make sure you scroll down on page 89 to see more information.)
Use the map above, the maps in the Egypt Resources wiki page, or your Scribble Map search function
Directions:
Your task is to label a map of the Nile River and ancient Egypt on your current Scribble Map. You must mark, label, or represent famous sites, cities, and other objects. Label everything carefully. (Note: Mark means use a marker, label means use a text label, represent means draw a symbol to show the item.)
You must also provide an image and a description for some of the labels. Each description must be at least three sentences long and must be clear, detailed, and specific. Your description should give us clear information to help us understand the item or place and why it was so important for ancient Egyptians.
1. Represent and label the Nile’s Sixth Cataract to the First Cataract.
2. Label the Red Sea.
3. Represent three mines and three quarries. Provide an image and a description for each mine and quarry.
4. Represent and label these historic sites: the Valley of the Kings, the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Sphinx, Abu Simbel, the Pharos (lighthouse in the port of Alexandria), the Bahriya Oasis and the Farafra oasis (include palm trees). Provide an image and a description for each historic site.
5. Mark these cities: Abydos, Thebes, Giza, Hermopolis, Memphis, Bubastis, Rosetta, Alexandria, Meroe, Khartoum, and Elephantine
6. Label these geographical features: the Western Desert, the Eastern Desert, the Nile Delta (include animals found here), the Sinai Peninsula, the Wadi el-Natrun, the Mediterranean Sea, the Gulf of Suez, the Nubian Desert. Include animals of the desert. Provide an image and a description for each geographical feature.
7. Label Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt.
Assignment 2-8
Source: Read pages 76 and 77 in your online textbook Directions: Review Pages 76-77 and choose one of the groups below. Research the group you have chosen (two links are provided for each already) and complete The Characteristics of Civilization Chart for the civilization you have chosen. Write clear and detailed answers in the chart, on your wiki page.
Characteristics of Civilization
Civilization Name:Chaldeans
Six Characteristics of Civilization
Evidence for Characteristic
Explanation
1. A system of government that directs
and controls some action of the
members of the society.
Nabopolassar commands to his soldiers to defeat and win the battles of other countries.
Because if one ruler rules our country, then he or she would get bossy, etc.
2. A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change.
(I don't know)
( " )
3. Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs.
In the empire, other people needs other jobs for the empire to survive because
4. Different social levels, in which some members of the society are given higher status than others.
5. A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing.
6. A religious system, which might include priests and temples.
Because some people believe in Gods.
----
Assignment 2-7
Source: Read pages 74 and 75 in your online textbook Directions: Read the questions/directions carefully and write clear and detailed answers on your wiki page.
1. Read the "If you were there..." section on page 74. How will you advise the King?
If I were a noble and had to advise the king about some punishments, I would advise him to punish everybody equally even if one is a farmer and one is a noble.
2. What happened to Ur by 2000 BCE?
Ur was in ruins.
3. Where was Babylon located?
The city was located on the Euphrates river which is now Baghdad, Iraq.
4. Who became the king of Babylon? When did he become king?
Hammurabi became king in 1792 B.C
5. What is a monarch?
A ruler of a kingdom or empire.
6. After conquering all of Mesopotamia, what did Hammurabi call his empire?
Hammurabi called his empire Babylonian empire after
7. Hammurabi was a great warrior and leader. What other skills did he have?
He had another skill that he was able to control and govern a great empire.
8. What is Hammurabi's Code? What areas of daily life did the code cover?
Hammurabi's code is a set of 282 laws that dealt with almost everything in daily life.
9. Give two reasons why Hammurabi's Code was important.
Hammurabi's Code was important because it was for everyone to see.
10. What eventually happened to the Babylonian Empire? How is this similar to what happened to the Akkadian Empire?
After the emperor died, the empire's power declined.
11. Read the different laws in the Code of Hammurabi on this site and choose three that you think are interesting. Copy the three laws and their numbers onto your page. Then for each law, explain why you think it's interesting. You can write about if you disagree or agree with the law or if you think the law is a good law or a cruel law.
186. If a man adopt a son, and if after he has taken him he injure his foster father and mother, then this adopted son shall return to his father's house.
This law is interesting because Even though this boy did it on accident, you have to leave even though you didn't mean it. That rule is a little sad.
197. If he break another man's bone, his bone shall be broken.
This law is a little violent, but I think that is fair.
195. If a son strike his father, his hands shall be hewn off.
This law is very violent, but striking their father is also very rude. I'm not sure if that is fair though.
Assignment 2-6
After playing the Trader's Circuit, answer the following questions in complete sentences on your page. You can copy and paste these questions into your page. Then copy and paste your questions and answers onto your discussion tab. Then go to the discussion tabs of at least three other classmates and make good quality middle school comments about your classmates answers to the questions about the Trader's Circuit game. You can make comments to your classmates like if you agree or disagree or comments about how good their answers and ideas are. Trader's Circuit questions
1. What part of the game did you like the best? Why?
I liked the part when you trade for other goods for becoming a monopoly because I liked bargaining,etc.
2. During the game, how did you feel and why did you feel that way?
I felt overwhelmed when I became a monopoly because I felt like a master of the object or the empire of something, etc.
3. What part of the game was difficult for you?
The part in the game when another person wanted to become a monopoly of the object you wanted to become a monopoly was hard because one of us had to give up in order to become a monopoly.
4. In your opinion, what advantage is there to having a monopoly of an entire product/resource such as dates or jewelry?
In my opinion, the advantage for having a monopoly of an entire product/resource such as dates or jewelry is that people will only come to you, and you could lower or higher the price of the object.
5. What part of the game would you change if you played it again? Why?
I would change the part from playing together with 4 people to 5 or 6 people in groups so that becoming a monopoly might become harder, or I would change the game slightly by adding more objects, because I think it would be like a real market.
6. In this game, was it better to cooperate with another player or to be selfish and try to get all the products/resources for yourself? Why?
I think being in the middle of the choices will be good, because I think if you just cooperate with others, you will never become a monopoly yourself, but I don't think being selfish is a good thing to because if you get al the products, it wouldn't be fair for others and They will all come to you for the goods.
Assignment 2-5
Use your online textbook pages 63 & 64 to answer these questions clearly and with details on your wiki page. Make sure to look through the whole page in your textbook and the links for the vocabulary when answering some of the questions.
Where did the Akkadians live? The Akkadians lived just north of sumer.
What was their relationship with the Sumerians like before the 2300s B.C.E.? At first, they lived in peace, sumerians south of Akkadan.
Who was Sargon and what did he do? Sargon was the first empire in the world and moved the capital of Akkadian.
What did Sargon establish? Sargon became the first empire in the world. Sargon conquered until the persian gulf.
Define 'empire'. Empire means a leader that conquer other cities.
Explain two examples why Sargon is considered a great leader. He made the first army that had bows and arrows. Also, he had the loyalty of his soldier.
How long did Sargon rule his empire? Sargon ruled his empire for over 50 years.
What eventually happened to the Akkadian Empire?
Who eventually became the most powerful civilization in Mesopotamia again?
Using the picture of the City-State of Ur, what can you see in the picture that shows Ur was an advanced city?----
Assignment 2-4
Using The Six Characteristics of a Civilization (see below), answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.
1. Is Korea/ the U.S. a civilization according to the six characteristics explained in class? Provide one example from Korea/the U.S. for each characteristic.
The U.S./ Korea is a civilization because they have all the six characteristics of a civilization such as #5 A highly developed culture including, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing., and #6, A religious system, which might include priests and temples., etc. For example, the U.S.A. has a system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of the society such as the president, congress, and the court. Also, in korea rice wouldn't change suddenly. The U.S.A. and Korea has a specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs, such as doctors, shoe makers, etc.
U.S.A. and Korea have specialization of labor, in which members of society are given higher status than others, such as blue collar workers and white collar workers. There are highly developed culture including art, architecture, science, music, literature, and writing in the U.S. and Korea, like the empire state building and books, etc. Both countries have a religious system, which might include priests and temples, such as churches.
2. Does a civilization, in your opinion, need to have all of the characteristics mentioned? Why or why not?I think a civilization should have all the characteristics mentioned because I think a civilization should be organized and be perfect.
The Six Characteristics of a Civilization:
1. A system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of the society.
2. A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change.
3. Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs.
4. Different social levels, in which some members of the society are given higher status than others.
5. A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing.
6. A religious system, which might include priests and temples.
Assignment 2-3
Please read pages 56-59 from your online textbook and answer these questions clearly and in complete sentences on your wiki page.
1. How did the Fertile Crescent get its name?
It means an area of rich farmland in Southwest Asia where the first civilizations began.
2. What was the most important factor in making Mesopotamia's farmland fertile?
Water was important.
3. In what ways did a Division of Labor contribute to the growth of Mesopotamiam civilization?
Division of Labor contribute to growth of Mesopotamiam arrangement in which each worker specializes in a particular task or job
4. How might running large projects like the maintaining a large and complex irrigation system prepare people for running a government?
Assignment 2-2
Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) clearly and with details on your wiki page. Use the links above from the In Class Activity 2-1 called Event C:Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System & Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities to help you answer the questions.
Event C: Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System
1. What was the first simple method farmers used to get water to their fields from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers?
They used buckets to carry water to their homes.
2. How did farmers prevent flooding?
They used natural earth walls called levees to prevent flooding.
3. Over time, carrying buckets of water to the fields was too difficult. Please clearly explain how levees, canals, dams, and reservoirs were used to make life easier for farmers?
Levees were used as walls to block water from flooding. People made canals to direct water to their homes. Dams are used to control flooding by blocking water. Reservoirs are used to store water.
4. Which word means an extra supply of something such as food?
The word Surplus means extra supply of something such as food.
5. What could happen if one canal was clogged?
Because the canals are all connected together, if one of the canals is clogged, the whole irrigation system will be damaged.
6. How did different villages take care of the complex irrigation system?
People had to clean reservoirs and canals often.
Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities
1. How did Mesopotamian villages help each other?
They helped each other by working together like building canals, and gradually became friends.
2. How were people, who lived very far apart, connected to each other?
They were connected by canals that wound through the city.
3. What did many villages grow into?
Many villages grew into towns and cities.
4. What do we call the region in Mesopotamia that had many growing cities and towns? What are the people called that come from this region?
The region in Mesopotamia that had many growing cities and towns are called Sumer, and the people who live there are called Sumerians.
5. How could one city stop the water from reaching another city?
If the city is upriver, that city can build other canals to direct water away from the other cities.
6. Why was it easy to attack other cities on the Mesopotamian plains?
It was easy to attack other cities on the Mesopotamian plains because the cities had no defenses like rivers, or mountains.
7. What defense plan is best to protect a city?
I think it is a good way to protect a city by building a huge wall all around the whole city, and build a pool around the city which is very deep, with sharks, crocodiles, and well trained piranhas, which only attacks enemies by smelling.
Assignment 2-1
Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) clearly and with details on your wiki page. Use the links above from the Class Activityto help you answer the questions.
Event A: Food Shortage
1. What helped the human population to grow in Mesopotamia?
They started farming and started making tools.
2. What does cultivate mean?
Cultivate means to grow, or farm.
3. By 5000 B.C.E. what major problem did the farmers in the Zagros hills have?
By 5000 B.C.E. the major problem in Zagros hills was that there weren't enough land to farm.
4. Using the choices in the critical thinking section of the activity, what is the best way to deal with the food shortage? Why?
I would choose (b) because there is more land to farm.
Event B: Uncontrolled Water Supply
1. What two major problems did farmers have as they tried to grow their crops on the Mesopotamian river plains?
The soil was hard and too dry for the crops in the summer time, but in the spring time there were floods that washed away the seeds.
2. How did they solve these problems?
They controlled the water for year around use.
3. Where did the melted snow that caused flooding come from?
The melted snow came from the mountains.
Assignment 9
Now that we are finished with the Early Humans unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about Early Humans. Please complete these sentences clearly and with specific details. Write the answers on your wiki page.
1. The single most important thing I learned was...
What kinds of hominids were there, and what kind of food and material they used.
2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was...
Was I did not understand was why would they exchange obsidian with other things?
3. What surprised me the most was...
That I never knew people did simple surgeries.
4. I would like to know more about...
What the hominids look like, etc.
5. The part that I think I will always remember was...
About the hominids .
Assignment 8
1. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk that surprised you? Why did they surprise you?
The first thing that surprised me was when Ookie (?) had a surgery with stone tools, and the second fact that surprised me in the video was when the Ookie figured out how to farm, and started domestication. Last but not the least, the third thing that surprised or interested me was that the more you are a good hunter, the more you can get, like you can choose your own bride, etc.
2. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk you knew already from class?
I learned that they used fire, and later started domesticating food, and they build square houses.
3. Jookie is a 12 year old living in Catal Huyuk. Explain three ways her life is different than yours. (Note: Simply saying you have cell phones and she doesn't is an unacceptable answer.)
In Jookie's time she didn't get education, but I get education. Also, she used to live in a clay(?) house, but I live in an apartment, which is made out of cement. The last reason that compared Jookie's life, i think she used to cook her own food, but I cant even make food.
Assignment 7
Write 3 good test questions covering any of the topics we have studied so far.
What does australopithecus mean?
What does serplus mean?
Who named the australopithecus Lucy?
Answer these questions clearly and completely on your wiki page.
1. What was the main difference between life in the Paleolithic period and life in the Neolithic period?
The main difference between life in the paleolithic period and life in the neolithic period is that the people learned new stuffs like making fire, domesticating, etc.
2. How did people's lives change as they began to domesticate plants and animals during the Neolithic period?
The lives of the people changed as they began to domesticate plants and animals during the Neolithic period by not needing to gather random plants and animals.
3. What are some advantages and disadvantages of the changes in daily life that occurred as a result of the development of agriculture ?
Some advantages and disadvantages of the changes in daily life that occurred as a result of the development of agriculture are domesticate, farming,etc.
Assignment 6
Use your online textbook (p. 40 & p. 41) to answer these questions clearly and completely. Please put your answers on your wiki page.
1. Read the paragraph in the Beginnings of Agriculture section on p.40 and answer the question (How could this discovery change your life?). -This discovery could change my life from gathering fruits, to getting whenever i want by planting it or saving it.
Read The First Farmers and Plants section on p.41 and answer these questions:
2. What is another name for the New Stone Age? - The other name for the New stone age is Neolithic Era.
3. What kinds of tools did people make during this time? What do you think they used these tools for?
The people in this time made tools like saws and drills. I think they used these tools for making things like tents or little furniture.
4. In the textbook it says that people during the Neolithic period could now make fire. Which hominid would this be?
Homo Sapiens.
5. When we changed from gathering food to growing food, historians called it the Neolithic Revolution. Why do you think it's called a revolution?
I think they called it a revolution because it was a major thing in the human history.
6. What is the definition for the word 'domestication'?
The definition for the word 'domestication' means the process of making plants or animals to make them more useful to human.
7. Using the map on p.41, which animals were domesticated in Asia?
Goat, sheep, cattle, and horses were domesticated in Asia.
8. Using the map on p.41, where was corn first domesticated?
Corn was first domesticated in Maize.
9. If you were a farmer, how would your life be different than a hunter and gatherer. Give three ways your life would be different.
My life would be different if i were a farmer instead of a hunter or a gatherer because i wouldn't be searching for food . Also, my life would be different because i could get food whenever i want.
Last, not the least,my life would be different because i could domesticate the animals or crops.
Assignment 5Read pages 32-34 from your online textbook and answer these questions clearly and in complete sentences on your wiki page.
Why do historians need archaeologists and anthropologists to study prehistory?
They are the ones that find artifacts to find clues about the past.
2.What might have been one advantage of walking completely upright?
You can grab something with your free hands.
3.What kind of tools did people use during the Paleolithic Era?
During the Paleolithic Era, the people used tools made of obsidian stone to make arrow heads, and knifes.
4.Design a stone and wood tool you could use to help you with your chores. Describe your tool in a sentence or two.
I would build a cart to carry heavy things. My cart would have wheels made out of stone and a handle made out of wood.
5.What is a hunter-gatherer?
Hunter Gatherers are people who hunt animals and gather wild plants, seeds, fruits, and nuts to survive.In your opinion, 6.what was the most important change brought by the development of language?
People could communicate and build societies.
Define the boldfaced words above.
prehistory - Ancient history.
tools - Something that helps you to make stuff.
Paleolithic Era - It means the old stone age. hunter-gatherer- Hunter Gatherers are people who hunt animals and gather wild plants, seeds, fruits, and nuts to survive.
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Assignment 4
Please read pages 29 & 30 from your online textbook and answer these questions clearly and in complete sentences on your wiki page.
On which continent were Lucy and other hominids found?
-Lucy and the other hominids were found in Africa.
2. What is the scientific name of Lucy?
- Lucy’s scientific name is Homo erectus. 3.How long ago did Lucy live?
She lived more than 3 million years ago.
What was an important step in human development?
Walking upright was an important step in human development.
4.Describe and explain how these hominids are different from each other. Use the charts about the hominids on page 30 to help you with the answer.
Four major groups of hominids appeared in Africa between 5 million and about 200,000 years ago. Each group was more advanced than the one before it and could use better tools.
A. Australopithecus appeared -4-5 million years ago
-Brain size was one-third of modern human.
B.Homo Habilis - Appeared 2.4 million years ago.
-Used stone tools for chopping & spcraping.
C.Homo Erectus-Appeared 2-1.5 million years ago.
-Used tools like the early hand ax.
D. Homo Sapiens- Appeared 200,000 years ago.
-Same species as the modern human.
-developed language.
Make sure your answer is clear and detailed.
Australopithecus
Homo habilis
Homo erectus
Homo sapiens
5.Which hominid are you?
I am a Homo Sapiens.
Homo habilis, our "handy man" uses basic stone tools?
Assignment 3 Human Origins-The Puppet Play ProjectResponse
Note you will have 3 class periods to prepare your plays. See Resources-1
Answer the following questions on your wiki page.
1. What were your roles in the 'Creation of a Puppet Show' project?
My role was making human character our of paper.
2. What Problems did your group run into?
Our (Fu Chi) character was too small compared to his wife, Nuwa.
3. How did your group deal with these problems?
We made another character of him and fixed the wrong and weird parts.
4 .Identify two similarities between all of the origin stories.
There are few gods and they create the first human.
5. Compare and Contrast any of the two origin stories presented in class (at least one paragraph).
I will compare and contrast the Chinese and Egypt origin story. The similarities between these two stories are that both stories involve gods. The second similarity is that both characters created the first human. The last, but not the least, the
third similarity is that both characters were both lonely at first.The difference of the two stories is that the character of the chinese origin story purposely made human because she was lonely, but the other character accidently created human by crying in joy.The second difference is that the Egypt origin character made other creatures before making human. The other chinese character’s first creation was human.
.Assignment 2
Click here ----->
external image pdf.png
Timeline of Human History.pdf to see a copy of the timeline. Write your questions and the answers on your wiki page.
1.What does CE stand for?
2.What does BCE stand for?
3.When were your mom and dad born in? BCE, or CE?
4.What goes first? BCE, or CE?
5. Is this year BCE, or CE?
Assignment 1
Using your notes and page 4 from your online textbook, answer the following questions on your wiki page.
1. Were you born in a BCE year or an CE year?
2. Put the following dates in order: AD 2000, 3100 BC, 15 BCE, AD 476, AD 3, CE 1215
3. If you read that an event happened c. AD 1000, what would that mean? Type in the content of your page here.
1.I was born in a CE year.
2. BC 3100, BCE 15, AD 3, AD 476, AD 2000, CE
3.c. means Circa.
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Assignment 6-4
Do a search for three Minoan and three Mycenaean artifacts and draw them in your notebook. Check the information in wiki 2 for ideas about what to search for (Minoan bull leaping is interesting). Under each picture, write a one-sentence caption describing the artifact and what it tells us about each civilization.
Assignment 6-5
Athens Creates Democracy (p.264-265)
Democracy is a type of government in which people rule themselves instead of being ruled by one person like a King.
-500 BCE, Athenian leader Cleisthenes (KLYS-thuh-neez) develops world's first democracy in Athens
-Cleisthenes set up the Assembly which was a large meeting of male citizens, sometimes about 6000 men. They met on a hill called a Pnyx (pah-NIKS).
-all citizens (except women, slaves, and foreigners) gathered in an Assembly. Slaves were sent out to force male citizens to go to the assembly
-At the Assembly, they discussed, debated, and, finally, voted on important issues such as changing voting laws or how to fight the Persians who wanted to control Greece.
-The assembly always started with a pig sacrifice to honor the gods.
Assembly Reflection
Write answers in your notebook.
1. During our Assembly, how did you feel as the debate and voting was happening?
2. How do you think other people felt during our discussion in our Assembly?
3. Why do you think so many people were excluded from an Assembly in Ancient Greece?
4. Give three benefits and three drawbacks of Athenian Democracy by making a table like this:
Athenian Democracy
Benefits (+)
Drawbacks (-)
Assignment 6-3
Directions: Read the following information about the Minoans and the Mycenaeans and then answer the questions that follow in your notebook.The Origins of the Greeks
The Minoans:
Minoan culture developed on the island of Crete in approximately 3,000 B.C.E. Minoan palace murals (wall paintings) and painted pottery show us a great sea culture, fueled by fishing, farming, and local arts. The Minoans were master sailors and set up long-distance trade routes with Spain, Egypt, Canaan, and Asia Minor. Socially, the Minoans were an egalitarian (equal) culture, with both men and women holding respected positions in the fields of religion, agriculture, and craftwork. Recreation enjoyed by the Minoans included dancing to music and song, "bull-leaping" - and boxing, complete with boxing gloves and mouth guards. The remarkable peace-loving character of the Minoan civilization is obvious because they didn't have fortresses, war equipment, and painted battle scenes among the remains of their settlements. The Minoan civilization is historically important to Greece because it was the model for the Mycenaean (pronounced my-sih-NEE-in) civilization which is considered the earliest developed culture on mainland Greece.
The Mycenaeans:
Mycenae was settled in 2,700 B.C.E. Most of the myths about ancient Greek heroes and their famous battles come to us from the Mycenaeans. Later Greek poets such as Homer used these tales in their writings. The Mycenaeans spoke an early form of the Greek language, and developed an agricultural economy based on grains, grapes, and olives. Like the Minoans, they traded by sea with Egypt and Asia Minor. Unlike the Minoans, the Mycenaeans devoted most of their energies to developing a strong military. The circular royal tombs of Mycenae reveal collections of decorated uniforms, elaborate helmets, chariots, daggers, and axes. Horses were also extremely important to the Mycenaeans, as they were the vehicles of war. Mycenaean documents suggest that their society was hierarchical, with kings and soldiers in positions of power at the top of society, and prisoners of war who became slaves at the bottom of society who served the kings and soldiers. Other than artwork showing religious festivals and musical performances, very few artifacts of entertainment were left by the Mycenaeans.
1. What did the Minoan and the Mycenaean civilizations have in common?
They both had great battle skills.
2. In what ways were the Minoan and the Mycenaean civilizations different?
Unlike the Minoans, the Mycenaeans devoted most of their energies to developing a strong military.
3. Why do you think so many aspects of Minoan civilization are found at Mycenae?
Because the Mycenae followed the Minoan civilization.
4. What other geographical areas, besides Mycenae, might Minoan civilization have influenced?
Most of the civilization that was built after the Minoan civilization.
5. What aspects of Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations would you expect to have survived in later periods of Greek history?
Great, and mighty, because they have great war skills.
Assignment 6-2
Your Task
1. Exam each image below and note the description of the vase painting for your assigned image.2. Read the DESCRIPTION for each scene.
3. Listen to the AUDIO TRACK and read along with each passage from the Odyssey.
4. Discuss and answer the questions for your scene from the Odyssey with your partner.
5. Decide which Greek value is best demonstrated in your scene and draw a picture that represents that Greek Value.
Athleticism Hospitality Ingenuity Intuition Justice Loyalty Respect Teamwork
6. Be prepared to explain your scene to the class using the answers to your questions and how the value you picked is demonstrated in that scene.
Assignment 6-1
Create physical maps of Greece and compare its geography to one of the other regions we have studied.
Label and color a Map of Greece
Physical Features:
Island of CreteIsland of Thera
Island of Rhodes
Asia Minor
Macedonia
Mount Olympus
Pindus Mountains
Cities:
Knossos, Mycenae, Sparta, Athens, Corinth, Thebes, Delphi, TroyBodies of Water:
Sea of Crete, Mediterranean Sea, Ionian Sea, Adriatic Sea, Aegean Sea, Gulf of CorinthAssignment 4-7 Source: Online Textbook pages 162-171
Directions: You are a sage and you will teach your classmates a part of ancient India's history. The four parts (groups) are...
Each part has (or might have) pictures, illustrations, maps, dates, vocabulary words, and important people. Your job as a sage is to become an expert on your part so you will be able to comfortably and confidently teach others. Remember that if you don't understand the information, you won't be able to teach others properly. Follow these steps to become a great sage:
Steps
After completing your Understanding How Ashoka's Edicts Helped Unify India sheet answer the following comprehension questions:
1. What are the main ideas expressed in Ashoka's edicts? The main ideas expressed in Ashoka's edicts is about his accomplishments and buddhism and the law.
2. What are some of the ways in which Ashoka's leadership promoted unity in India? There were laws and religious ideas in which people had to follow in order to become a better society such as be obedient to others.
3. In what ways did Ashoka's Buddhist beliefs contribute to the unification of India? One of them said to be obedient to others and to fast if you don't want to die when you are sentenced to death. Ashoka is giving the people a chance and he is being generous about death.
4. In addition to the edicts, what else might have contributed to the unification of India during this time period? Justice, chances, security, etc.
5. Explain how one of the edicts you examined could be catagorized another way Instead of security, it could be either justice or could put it in punishment.
(i.e. instead of Buddhist Values it could also concern Justice)
Assignment 4-5
Website: India-GovernmentUse the website above and what you have learned in class so far to answer these questions about the early Indus River Governments.
1. Why would having a central government help in planning and organizing a city?
All the systems and religions will all be combined in one place.
2. Who were Rajahs?
Rajahs are the rulers that rules over cities of India.
3. What is a Guru?
A type of teacher that teaches students by living with them until they were 20.
4. What subjects were taught in school?
All, because every subject was very important to nature.
5. Who was in charge of the government?
It was kind of like a central government.
6. Why did people look up to the priests?
Because the priests were the ones who gave offerings to the gods and the priests were very high classes.
Assignment 4-3
Source:
Think about the activity we did in class as archeologists in Mohenjo-Daro. Using the source above, your ideas, and the notes you took about archeologists ideas, answer the following questions clearly and completely on your wiki page. Each answer should be at least two sentences long with specific information.
1. What have you learned about daily life in Mohenjo-Daro from this activity?
I learned that Mohenjo Daro was a very intelligent town because they had weights for using to trade goods and sell them. Also, I learned that they were good at craft making and was very religious because they all had these pools for them to bathe in for religious reasons and others.
2. Which characteristics of civilization do you see represented in the artifacts you looked at? Explain.
The artifacts that were created by the people of Mohejo Daro is very creative because there are drains that were made by the pool and even several dressing rooms which we are using now. If they hadn't invented all these, we wouldn't have dressing rooms!! that would be terrible!! We would be dressing up in our homes and will be going to the pools all the way from our homes wearing swimsuits. Also, I think Mohenjo Daro people were amazing because they even had waterproof bricks that we also have now! If they did not invent all these things, what, and how would be living this comfortably now????
3. In what ways do you think Mohenjo-Daro was like a modern city?
As I said above, I think Mohenjo Daro was like a modern city because it had waterproof bricks in pools that we have now and have games which are very similar to the modern ones and they also have different kind of weights like we do these days, except that some people use that concept to build scales.
4. Why do you think it is difficult for us to know exactly what life was like in ancient civilizations like those in the Indus-Sarasvati region?
Because the indus river buried everything and the invaders crumpled them. So that is why they crumpled down.
5. What do you think might have contributed to the decline of Mohenjo-Daro?
I think invaders invaded mohenjo daro and crumpled their civilization into pieces. Also, I think the king was lazy and didn't do his work properly.
Assignment 3-7
Ancient Egypt Topic Peer AssessmentGo to our YouTube Channel and login using the username and password given in class.
You will assess your classmates' videos using the rubric for the ancient Egypt project and by answering the questions below. Each answer must be at least two sentences long.
Post your assessment in the comments section under each classmate's video. Please make sure you include your first name only or your comment will be deleted.
You must comment on four classmates' videos:
- classmate above your name
- classmate below your name
- two other classmates of your choice
(Note: YouTube has a 500 word limit on comments. You might have to divide your assessment comments into two posts.)1. How did your classmate make the video interesting and creative?
2. Was it easy to understand your classmates presentation including his/her voice? Why or why not?
3. Clearly explain two things you learned from your classmate's video.
4. How could your classmate improve his/her video?
Assignment 3-5
Read the information here about the three kingdoms in ancient Egypt. The problem with these three paragraphs is that each paragraph does not have specific details or evidence. Your task is to find specific details and evidence from our textbook for the information presented in each paragraph about each kingdom. Then re-write the paragraph adding the new specific details and evidence you found. Write the new paragraph on your wiki page.Part 1
The Old Kingdom (2700 BCE - 2200 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 98-100 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
- Pyramids (definition, examples, construction details)
- Workers
- Importance of the pyramids
The old kingdom's nickname was The pyramid age because Pyramids were only built in the old kingdom. Pyramids are tombs of pharaohs that had four triangular shaped sides that met at the top. The workers for the pyramids for the pyramids were over 100,000 men.Last, but not the least, the importance of the pyramids were that they were sybolized for the pharaoh's afterlife. Ancient Egyptians believed that the pharaoh was also in charge of their afterlife too.Part 2
The Middle Kingdom (2100 BCE - 1800 BCE)
Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 101-102 in our textbook.
Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...
- the difference with the Old Kingdom
- what life was like during this time
- wars or battles and who was involved ----
In the middle kingdom, there were no pyramids. Instead, the Pharaohs were buried in secret places. During the middle kingdom, it was not a golden age. The Hyksos invaded Egypt for 200 years as pharaohs. Then, in 1500 BC, Ahmose from Thebes drove the Hyksos and declared himself as king. In this kingdom, life was not easy for Egypt, because the Hyksos invaded Egypt for 200 years.Assignment 3-4
IncompletePart 1: Go to this site and read about the different Egyptian gods and goddesses. Choose one of these that you would like to be and explain why you would like to be that god or goddess. Then choose one that you would not want to be and explain why. Make sure your explanations are middle school quality
I would be Ma'at, the goddess of justice and truth and harmony because if there is no goddess of truth and justice, Egypt will be in disorder and in chaos. There would be no harmony, and no joy. Being the goddess Hathor would be also great, but if there isn't order or peace, there would be no love or joy, so I think peace and justice is first than love and joy. I would not want to be the goddess sekhmet, the goddess of war, and I would not be this goddess because wars end peace and tears up peace. Everybody loves peace. In wars, many people die and get sick and loose loved ones. There is no harmony in wars, and the goddess Sekhmet is the goddess who makes and loves wars. This is why I do not want to be the goddess Sekhmet.
Assignment 3-3
Source: How to Mummify NefermaatDirections: Go to the link above to mummify a body. As you work to mummify the body, answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.
1.Why did Egyptians want to preserve dead bodies?
Egyptians wanted to preserve dead bodies because they thought the soul should recognize the body and rise again in the next world.
2.How did they preserve bodies? What is this process of preservation called?
They preserved by drying out the dead body and wrapping the linen around the dead body.
3.Explain how the brain was removed from the dead body. Why was the brain removed?
The brain was broken down into pieces then was poured out of the nose. The brain was removed because the ancient Egyptians did not think the brain was important.
4.Name the four internal organs that were removed from the body. What was done with these organs?
The four organs were lungs, stomach, liver, and intestines and the ancient Egyptians put them in jars which has lids as the shape of the four sons of Horus.
5.What did they do with the heart? Why?
They did not remove the heart because the Egyptians thought the heart was the center of intelligence, emotions, and feelings. The Egyptians thought the heart as the brain as we do now.
6.What is natron and why was it used? Using your scribble map of Egypt, name the area where natron came from.
The natron was used to dry out the body. Natron came from Greece.
7.How was linen used during mummification?
Linen was used to wrap the dead body or stuff it in the body to dry the body out for 40 days.
8.What are amulets and how were they used? Give two examples of amulets that were used and explain why they were used.
Amulets were used by placing it on the dead body and under another cover of linen.Two examples of amulets that were used were the heart amulet which was used to protect the heart in the afterlife. Second example of amulets is the Scarab which represented rising and setting of the sun and was placed on the upper abdomen.
9.What happens to the body after it was mummified?
After the body was mummified, the dead body is placed in a mummy case, and then it is placed in the sarcophagus.
Assignment 3-2
Source: Pages 93 & 94 in your online textbook and refer to your river boat tour notesDirections: Answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.
1. Read the If YOU were there section. How do you feel about working for the pharaoh?
I feel very irritated because I have to worship a pharaoh as a god.
2. Eventually the Third Dynasty began in ancient Egypt. The Third Dynasty was the beginning of what historians call ............. . When did it start and end?
Old kingdom and it started from about 2700 to 2200 BCE.
3. Explain how ancient Egyptians felt about their country and their pharaoh.
Egyptians thought Egypt as the land of gods, and the gift from Nile. They also thought their pharaoh as a ruler and a god, a good god at the same time.
4. What were the responsibilities of the pharaoh?
The responsibilities of the pharaoh was to keep the Egyptian's society in order and protect it from enemies.
5. What is best known about the famous pharaoh, Khufu? Can you name a specific monument built for him?
Khufu is best known for the monuments built for him such as The Great Pyramid of Giza.
6.a Clearly explain the structure of society in the Old Kingdom. (Note: This should be a long answer.)
There were about 2 million people, so social classes appeared. Also, this is just after when Egypt was united. The old kingdom was also when the first stone pyramid was build in Saqqara and the great pyramid Giza was made.
6.b. What may be some advantages and disadvantages of such a large segment of the population being farmers, servants, and slaves?
Disadvantage: They may get irritated for not being able to work in their farms and collect their crops. Instead, they had to build the Pharaoh's pyramid.
Advantage: There are more people to harvest crops, so Egypt can become a country with lots of food.
6.c. What did farmers do during flood season?
They stored their food and built dams.
7. Clearly explain trading in ancient Egypt (what was traded and who they traded with).
Egyptians traded gold, ivory, stone, slaves and copper with Nubia.
8. Define the word acquire. Use acquire in an original sentence.
Acquire means to get. An example for the word acquire is to acquire gold from Nubia.
9. Using the drawing of Egyptian society on page 94, explain where Viziers would be placed?
Viziers should be placed in where the nobles are because viziers and nobles are both high officials.
Assignment 3.1
Sources:
Directions:
1. Represent and label the Nile’s Sixth Cataract to the First Cataract.
2. Label the Red Sea.
3. Represent three mines and three quarries. Provide an image and a description for each mine and quarry.
4. Represent and label these historic sites: the Valley of the Kings, the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Sphinx, Abu Simbel, the Pharos (lighthouse in the port of Alexandria), the Bahriya Oasis and the Farafra oasis (include palm trees). Provide an image and a description for each historic site.
5. Mark these cities: Abydos, Thebes, Giza, Hermopolis, Memphis, Bubastis, Rosetta, Alexandria, Meroe, Khartoum, and Elephantine
6. Label these geographical features: the Western Desert, the Eastern Desert, the Nile Delta (include animals found here), the Sinai Peninsula, the Wadi el-Natrun, the Mediterranean Sea, the Gulf of Suez, the Nubian Desert. Include animals of the desert. Provide an image and a description for each geographical feature.
7. Label Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt.
Assignment 2-8
Source: Read pages 76 and 77 in your online textbookDirections: Review Pages 76-77 and choose one of the groups below. Research the group you have chosen (two links are provided for each already) and complete The Characteristics of Civilization Chart for the civilization you have chosen. Write clear and detailed answers in the chart, on your wiki page.
Characteristics of Civilization
Civilization Name:Chaldeans
Six Characteristics of Civilization
Evidence for Characteristic
Explanation
and controls some action of the
members of the society.
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Assignment 2-7
Source: Read pages 74 and 75 in your online textbookDirections: Read the questions/directions carefully and write clear and detailed answers on your wiki page.
1. Read the "If you were there..." section on page 74. How will you advise the King?
If I were a noble and had to advise the king about some punishments, I would advise him to punish everybody equally even if one is a farmer and one is a noble.
2. What happened to Ur by 2000 BCE?
Ur was in ruins.
3. Where was Babylon located?
The city was located on the Euphrates river which is now Baghdad, Iraq.
4. Who became the king of Babylon? When did he become king?
Hammurabi became king in 1792 B.C
5. What is a monarch?
A ruler of a kingdom or empire.
6. After conquering all of Mesopotamia, what did Hammurabi call his empire?
Hammurabi called his empire Babylonian empire after
7. Hammurabi was a great warrior and leader. What other skills did he have?
He had another skill that he was able to control and govern a great empire.
8. What is Hammurabi's Code? What areas of daily life did the code cover?
Hammurabi's code is a set of 282 laws that dealt with almost everything in daily life.
9. Give two reasons why Hammurabi's Code was important.
Hammurabi's Code was important because it was for everyone to see.
10. What eventually happened to the Babylonian Empire? How is this similar to what happened to the Akkadian Empire?
After the emperor died, the empire's power declined.
11. Read the different laws in the Code of Hammurabi on this site and choose three that you think are interesting. Copy the three laws and their numbers onto your page. Then for each law, explain why you think it's interesting. You can write about if you disagree or agree with the law or if you think the law is a good law or a cruel law.
186. If a man adopt a son, and if after he has taken him he injure his foster father and mother, then this adopted son shall return to his father's house.
This law is interesting because Even though this boy did it on accident, you have to leave even though you didn't mean it. That rule is a little sad.
197. If he break another man's bone, his bone shall be broken.
This law is a little violent, but I think that is fair.
195. If a son strike his father, his hands shall be hewn off.
This law is very violent, but striking their father is also very rude. I'm not sure if that is fair though.
Assignment 2-6
After playing the Trader's Circuit, answer the following questions in complete sentences on your page. You can copy and paste these questions into your page. Then copy and paste your questions and answers onto your discussion tab. Then go to the discussion tabs of at least three other classmates and make good quality middle school comments about your classmates answers to the questions about the Trader's Circuit game. You can make comments to your classmates like if you agree or disagree or comments about how good their answers and ideas are.Trader's Circuit questions
1. What part of the game did you like the best? Why?
I liked the part when you trade for other goods for becoming a monopoly because I liked bargaining,etc.
2. During the game, how did you feel and why did you feel that way?
I felt overwhelmed when I became a monopoly because I felt like a master of the object or the empire of something, etc.
3. What part of the game was difficult for you?
The part in the game when another person wanted to become a monopoly of the object you wanted to become a monopoly was hard because one of us had to give up in order to become a monopoly.
4. In your opinion, what advantage is there to having a monopoly of an entire product/resource such as dates or jewelry?
In my opinion, the advantage for having a monopoly of an entire product/resource such as dates or jewelry is that people will only come to you, and you could lower or higher the price of the object.
5. What part of the game would you change if you played it again? Why?
I would change the part from playing together with 4 people to 5 or 6 people in groups so that becoming a monopoly might become harder, or I would change the game slightly by adding more objects, because I think it would be like a real market.
6. In this game, was it better to cooperate with another player or to be selfish and try to get all the products/resources for yourself? Why?
I think being in the middle of the choices will be good, because I think if you just cooperate with others, you will never become a monopoly yourself, but I don't think being selfish is a good thing to because if you get al the products, it wouldn't be fair for others and They will all come to you for the goods.
Assignment 2-5
Use your online textbook pages 63 & 64 to answer these questions clearly and with details on your wiki page. Make sure to look through the whole page in your textbook and the links for the vocabulary when answering some of the questions.Assignment 2-4
Using The Six Characteristics of a Civilization (see below), answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.
1. Is Korea/ the U.S. a civilization according to the six characteristics explained in class? Provide one example from Korea/the U.S. for each characteristic.The U.S./ Korea is a civilization because they have all the six characteristics of a civilization such as #5 A highly developed culture including, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing., and #6, A religious system, which might include priests and temples., etc. For example, the U.S.A. has a system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of the society such as the president, congress, and the court. Also, in korea rice wouldn't change suddenly. The U.S.A. and Korea has a specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs, such as doctors, shoe makers, etc.
U.S.A. and Korea have specialization of labor, in which members of society are given higher status than others, such as blue collar workers and white collar workers. There are highly developed culture including art, architecture, science, music, literature, and writing in the U.S. and Korea, like the empire state building and books, etc. Both countries have a religious system, which might include priests and temples, such as churches.
2. Does a civilization, in your opinion, need to have all of the characteristics mentioned? Why or why not?I think a civilization should have all the characteristics mentioned because I think a civilization should be organized and be perfect.
The Six Characteristics of a Civilization:
1. A system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of the society.
2. A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change.
3. Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs.
4. Different social levels, in which some members of the society are given higher status than others.
5. A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing.
6. A religious system, which might include priests and temples.
Assignment 2-3
Please read pages 56-59 from your online textbook and answer these questions clearly and in complete sentences on your wiki page.1. How did the Fertile Crescent get its name?
It means an area of rich farmland in Southwest Asia where the first civilizations began.
2. What was the most important factor in making Mesopotamia's farmland fertile?
Water was important.
3. In what ways did a Division of Labor contribute to the growth of Mesopotamiam civilization?
Division of Labor contribute to growth of Mesopotamiam arrangement in which each worker specializes in a particular task or job
4. How might running large projects like the maintaining a large and complex irrigation system prepare people for running a government?
Assignment 2-2
Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) clearly and with details on your wiki page. Use the links above from the In Class Activity 2-1 called Event C: Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System & Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities to help you answer the questions.
Event C: Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System
1. What was the first simple method farmers used to get water to their fields from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers?
They used buckets to carry water to their homes.
2. How did farmers prevent flooding?
They used natural earth walls called levees to prevent flooding.
3. Over time, carrying buckets of water to the fields was too difficult. Please clearly explain how levees, canals, dams, and reservoirs were used to make life easier for farmers?
Levees were used as walls to block water from flooding. People made canals to direct water to their homes. Dams are used to control flooding by blocking water. Reservoirs are used to store water.
4. Which word means an extra supply of something such as food?
The word Surplus means extra supply of something such as food.
5. What could happen if one canal was clogged?
Because the canals are all connected together, if one of the canals is clogged, the whole irrigation system will be damaged.
6. How did different villages take care of the complex irrigation system?
People had to clean reservoirs and canals often.
Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities
1. How did Mesopotamian villages help each other?
They helped each other by working together like building canals, and gradually became friends.
2. How were people, who lived very far apart, connected to each other?
They were connected by canals that wound through the city.
3. What did many villages grow into?
Many villages grew into towns and cities.
4. What do we call the region in Mesopotamia that had many growing cities and towns? What are the people called that come from this region?
The region in Mesopotamia that had many growing cities and towns are called Sumer, and the people who live there are called Sumerians.
5. How could one city stop the water from reaching another city?
If the city is upriver, that city can build other canals to direct water away from the other cities.
6. Why was it easy to attack other cities on the Mesopotamian plains?
It was easy to attack other cities on the Mesopotamian plains because the cities had no defenses like rivers, or mountains.
7. What defense plan is best to protect a city?
I think it is a good way to protect a city by building a huge wall all around the whole city, and build a pool around the city which is very deep, with sharks, crocodiles, and well trained piranhas, which only attacks enemies by smelling.
Assignment 2-1
Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) clearly and with details on your wiki page. Use the links above from the Class Activity to help you answer the questions.Event A: Food Shortage
1. What helped the human population to grow in Mesopotamia?
They started farming and started making tools.
2. What does cultivate mean?
Cultivate means to grow, or farm.
3. By 5000 B.C.E. what major problem did the farmers in the Zagros hills have?
By 5000 B.C.E. the major problem in Zagros hills was that there weren't enough land to farm.
4. Using the choices in the critical thinking section of the activity, what is the best way to deal with the food shortage? Why?
I would choose (b) because there is more land to farm.
Event B: Uncontrolled Water Supply
1. What two major problems did farmers have as they tried to grow their crops on the Mesopotamian river plains?
The soil was hard and too dry for the crops in the summer time, but in the spring time there were floods that washed away the seeds.
2. How did they solve these problems?
They controlled the water for year around use.
3. Where did the melted snow that caused flooding come from?
The melted snow came from the mountains.
Assignment 9
Now that we are finished with the Early Humans unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about Early Humans. Please complete these sentences clearly and with specific details. Write the answers on your wiki page.1. The single most important thing I learned was...
What kinds of hominids were there, and what kind of food and material they used.
2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was...
Was I did not understand was why would they exchange obsidian with other things?
3. What surprised me the most was...
That I never knew people did simple surgeries.
4. I would like to know more about...
What the hominids look like, etc.
5. The part that I think I will always remember was...
About the hominids .
Assignment 8
1. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk that surprised you? Why did they surprise you?The first thing that surprised me was when Ookie (?) had a surgery with stone tools, and the second fact that surprised me in the video was when the Ookie figured out how to farm, and started domestication. Last but not the least, the third thing that surprised or interested me was that the more you are a good hunter, the more you can get, like you can choose your own bride, etc.
2. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk you knew already from class?
I learned that they used fire, and later started domesticating food, and they build square houses.
3. Jookie is a 12 year old living in Catal Huyuk. Explain three ways her life is different than yours. (Note: Simply saying you have cell phones and she doesn't is an unacceptable answer.)
In Jookie's time she didn't get education, but I get education. Also, she used to live in a clay(?) house, but I live in an apartment, which is made out of cement. The last reason that compared Jookie's life, i think she used to cook her own food, but I cant even make food.
Assignment 7
Write 3 good test questions covering any of the topics we have studied so far.Answer these questions clearly and completely on your wiki page.
1. What was the main difference between life in the Paleolithic period and life in the Neolithic period?
The main difference between life in the paleolithic period and life in the neolithic period is that the people learned new stuffs like making fire, domesticating, etc.
2. How did people's lives change as they began to domesticate plants and animals during the Neolithic period?
The lives of the people changed as they began to domesticate plants and animals during the Neolithic period by not needing to gather random plants and animals.
3. What are some advantages and disadvantages of the changes in daily life that occurred as a result of the development of agriculture ?
Some advantages and disadvantages of the changes in daily life that occurred as a result of the development of agriculture are domesticate, farming,etc.
Assignment 6
Use your online textbook (p. 40 & p. 41) to answer these questions clearly and completely. Please put your answers on your wiki page.1. Read the paragraph in the Beginnings of Agriculture section on p.40 and answer the question (How could this discovery change your life?). -This discovery could change my life from gathering fruits, to getting whenever i want by planting it or saving it.
Read The First Farmers and Plants section on p.41 and answer these questions:
2. What is another name for the New Stone Age? - The other name for the New stone age is Neolithic Era.
3. What kinds of tools did people make during this time? What do you think they used these tools for?
The people in this time made tools like saws and drills. I think they used these tools for making things like tents or little furniture.
4. In the textbook it says that people during the Neolithic period could now make fire. Which hominid would this be?
Homo Sapiens.
5. When we changed from gathering food to growing food, historians called it the Neolithic Revolution. Why do you think it's called a revolution?
I think they called it a revolution because it was a major thing in the human history.
6. What is the definition for the word 'domestication'?
The definition for the word 'domestication' means the process of making plants or animals to make them more useful to human.
7. Using the map on p.41, which animals were domesticated in Asia?
Goat, sheep, cattle, and horses were domesticated in Asia.
8. Using the map on p.41, where was corn first domesticated?
Corn was first domesticated in Maize.
9. If you were a farmer, how would your life be different than a hunter and gatherer. Give three ways your life would be different.
My life would be different if i were a farmer instead of a hunter or a gatherer because i wouldn't be searching for food . Also, my life would be different because i could get food whenever i want.
Last, not the least,my life would be different because i could domesticate the animals or crops.
Assignment 5 Read pages 32-34 from your online textbook and answer these questions clearly and in complete sentences on your wiki page.
- Why do historians need archaeologists and anthropologists to study prehistory?
They are the ones that find artifacts to find clues about the past.2.What might have been one advantage of walking completely upright?
You can grab something with your free hands.
3.What kind of tools did people use during the Paleolithic Era?
During the Paleolithic Era, the people used tools made of obsidian stone to make arrow heads, and knifes.
4.Design a stone and wood tool you could use to help you with your chores. Describe your tool in a sentence or two.
- I would build a cart to carry heavy things. My cart would have wheels made out of stone and a handle made out of wood.
5.What is a hunter-gatherer?prehistory - Ancient history.
Paleolithic Era - It means the old stone age.
hunter-gatherer- Hunter Gatherers are people who hunt animals and gather wild plants, seeds, fruits, and nuts to survive.
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Assignment 4
Please read pages 29 & 30 from your online textbook and answer these questions clearly and in complete sentences on your wiki page.
- On which continent were Lucy and other hominids found?
-Lucy and the other hominids were found in Africa.2. What is the scientific name of Lucy?
- Lucy’s scientific name is Homo erectus.
3.How long ago did Lucy live?
She lived more than 3 million years ago.
What was an important step in human development?
Walking upright was an important step in human development.
4.Describe and explain how these hominids are different from each other. Use the charts about the hominids on page 30 to help you with the answer.
Four major groups of hominids appeared in Africa between 5 million and about 200,000 years ago. Each group was more advanced than the one before it and could use better tools.
A. Australopithecus appeared -4-5 million years ago
-Brain size was one-third of modern human.
B.Homo Habilis - Appeared 2.4 million years ago.
-Used stone tools for chopping & spcraping.
C.Homo Erectus-Appeared 2-1.5 million years ago.
-Used tools like the early hand ax.
D. Homo Sapiens- Appeared 200,000 years ago.
-Same species as the modern human.
-developed language.
Make sure your answer is clear and detailed.
5.Which hominid are you?
I am a Homo Sapiens.
Homo habilis, our "handy man" uses basic stone tools?
Assignment 3
Human Origins-The Puppet Play Project Response
Note you will have 3 class periods to prepare your plays. See Resources-1
Answer the following questions on your wiki page.
1. What were your roles in the 'Creation of a Puppet Show' project?
My role was making human character our of paper.
2. What Problems did your group run into?
Our (Fu Chi) character was too small compared to his wife, Nuwa.
3. How did your group deal with these problems?
We made another character of him and fixed the wrong and weird parts.
4 .Identify two similarities between all of the origin stories.
There are few gods and they create the first human.
5. Compare and Contrast any of the two origin stories presented in class (at least one paragraph).
I will compare and contrast the Chinese and Egypt origin story. The similarities between these two stories are that both stories involve gods. The second similarity is that both characters created the first human. The last, but not the least, the
third similarity is that both characters were both lonely at first.The difference of the two stories is that the character of the chinese origin story purposely made human because she was lonely, but the other character accidently created human by crying in joy.The second difference is that the Egypt origin character made other creatures before making human. The other chinese character’s first creation was human.
.Assignment 2
Click here ----->
1.What does CE stand for?
2.What does BCE stand for?
3.When were your mom and dad born in? BCE, or CE?
4.What goes first? BCE, or CE?
5. Is this year BCE, or CE?
Assignment 1
Using your notes and page 4 from your online textbook, answer the following questions on your wiki page.
1. Were you born in a BCE year or an CE year?
2. Put the following dates in order: AD 2000, 3100 BC, 15 BCE, AD 476, AD 3, CE 1215
3. If you read that an event happened c. AD 1000, what would that mean? Type in the content of your page here.
1.I was born in a CE year.
2. BC 3100, BCE 15, AD 3, AD 476, AD 2000, CE
3.c. means Circa.